• Alphabetical Order: Arrange references alphabetically based on the first author's last name.
• Hanging Indent: Apply a hanging indent, with the first line flush left and subsequent lines indented.
• Italics: Italicize titles of books, journals, and volume numbers.

Reference Examples

• Book: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.
• Shamsie, M. (2017). Hybrid tapestries. Oxford University Press.
• Journal Article: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Title of journal, volume number in italics (issue number), page range.

• Hirsch, M. (2008). The generation of postmemory. Poetics Today, 29(1), 103–128.

• Website: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the webpage. Website Name. URL.

• Adams, L. (2015). The Shadow of the Crescent Moon by Fatima Bhutto. The New York Times.https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/books/review/the-shadow-of-the-crescent-moon-by-fatima-bhutto.html.

• Online Journal Article: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Title of journal, volume number in italics (issue number), page range. DOI or URL.

• Manto, H., and Naqvi, T. (2007). Toba Tek Singh, Manoa, 19(1), 14–19. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4230517.

Citing Electronic Sources

• DOI (Digital Object Identifier): Include if available.
• URLs: For online sources lacking a DOI, provide the complete URL.

Tables and Figures

• Titles and Notes: Position titles above tables and below figures.
• Numbering: sequentially number tables (Table 1, Table 2) and figures (Figure 1, Figure 2).
• Sources: Include the source below the table or figure.

Footnotes

• Content: Use footnotes for explanatory information or to indicate copyright permissions.
• Format: Number footnotes consecutively throughout the paper.

Appendix

• Labeling: If multiple appendices exist, label them (e.g., Appendix A, Appendix B).
• Title: Provide a descriptive title for each appendix.